E3 ubiquitin ligase components in GtoPdb v.2022.3

Ubiquitination (a.k.a. ubiquitylation) is a protein post-translational modification that typically requires the sequential action of three enzymes: E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzymes), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating and E3 (ubiquitin ligases) [28]. proteins can target them for proteasomal degradation, or modulate cellular processes including cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, DNA repair signal transduction. ubiquitin ligases, which there are >600 in humans, family highly heterogeneous complexes recruit ubiquitin-loaded enzymes to mediate transfer molecule from substrates. Target substrate specificity determined by recognition subunit within complex. ligases being exploited as pharmacological targets facilitate targeted degradation (TPD), an alternative small inhibitors [3], through development proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) molecular glues.